Food Biotechnology; Producing the Food of the Future

In order to provide improved quality and taste of the food we eat and the ways in which it is produced we can turn to food biotechnology; this is where we take what is known about the science and genetics of plants and use that knowledge to produce better, healthier crops. These modern biotechnology methods, involving the use of instructions for specific traits and what we know about plant genes combined with more traditional techniques such as cross-breeding, allow us to improve the quantity and the quality of many plant species. This allows scientists to move desirable traits from plant to plant with more precision then ever before.

Since the early 1990s when food biotechnology was first introduced to food production, it has helped to produce fresher, better tasting foods while providing greater crop yields and it has also helped to protect the environment. In the very near future, these techniques may help farmers grow more food on less land, provide healthier foods and help to keep food safe. Foods produced this way have been determined to be safe by the scientific community and they are regulated by three U.S. government agencies. The main crops produced using food biotechnology according to the International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-Biotech Applications are; cotton, papaya, alfalfa, squash, corn, canola and soybeans. Among other things, this new biotechnology has enabled the production of fruits and vegetables that ripen on the vine for a better, fresher taste. A few examples of food enhanced this way are:

Cotton, corn, potato, soybeans and canola plants that are tolerant of herbicides or protected from insects.

A type of squash that is more resistant to a virus that often kills the vegetable on the vine.

Tomatoes that ripen slower, remain fresh longer, have a better flavor and survive transport better.

Crop varieties that produce hardier plants and are more resistant to insects and viruses, which results in higher crop yields.

Food biotechnology has also decreased the amount of pesticides used in farming, which contributes to a cleaner water supply, has a positive impact on the health and well-being of wildlife and decreases the exposure of farmers to pesticides. Crops that are more tolerant to herbicides require less tilling of the soil, which means less fuel consumption by farm equipment, lower emissions and reduced soil erosion.

Foods with enhanced nutrition are already on their way to supermarket shelves, and in the future advances in food biotechnology will:

Produce crops that are able to grow in harsh environmental conditions, such as drought or extreme heat. This could result in planting crops on land that was once unsuitable for agriculture.

Foods that may be able to help combat chronic diseases by providing decreased amounts of unhealthy fats while increasing the levels of vitamins and antioxidants, which will be helpful for both humans and animals.

Science may be able to discover a faster way to detect unwanted viruses and bacteria in food which will decrease the risk of food borne illnesses while keeping food safe to eat.

People with food allergies may be able to consume foods that they were previously allergic to because science will be able to target allergy-causing proteins in foods.

Modern advances in food biotechnology have led to the production of healthier, hardier foods, and now modern technology can help to keep most foods fresher; eggstrafresh® is a brand new product that is designed to do just that. It is a revolutionary breakthrough in food preservation, scientifically proven to increase the shelf life of most foods through the dramatic reduction of oxidation and the increased retention of moisture. Oxidation and moisture loss are two leading causes of mold, bacteria, and nasty odors that are associated with rapid food spoilage. eggstrafresh® also improves the taste, natural color, texture and flavor of all foods, whether they be in the refrigerator or the pantry

Pet Bunnies Can Be Great Pets

Pet Rabbits are fun to raise except when you have to go out and take care of them at 10 below zero. Considering this is the exception rather than the rule, we'll assume that, generally speaking, they are fun to raise. Pet rabbits are gentle and inquisitive animals that are basically easy to care for, making them an ideal pet for adults and families with older children. Rabbits are typically anxious and timid animals that frighten easily, not a good pet for small children because they do not know how to be gentle and calm around the rabbit. Pet rabbits are natural property destroyers, so they need plenty of chew toys and digging boxes to keep them occupied. Provide them with cardboard boxes for chewing and a box of shredded newspaper for digging.

Rabbits are smart creatures and with a little time, discipline, and affection they can be easily litter trained and many rabbit owners will allow their rabbits free run of their home, at least for part of the day. Pet rabbits are often allowed the "run of the house" and being inveterate chewers, they often get into trouble by chewing on electrical cords, poisonous house paints, floor mats and rugs. Death by electrocution or serious burns and intestinal impaction respectively are the most frequent consequences of these unsupervised activities. Pet rabbits are not descendants of cottontails - they are not even the same species. Wild rabbits are born with instincts that help them to survive outdoors, but your pet rabbit does not have those instincts.

Pet rabbits are not known for their willingness to take medications. If you have to give your pet rabbit liquid mediation you will need to use a syringe (no needle) or an eye dropper. Pet rabbits are often taken to the vets with anorexia, which may have a number of causes. They can die if the anorexia is left untreated, so it is important to diagnose the condition promptly.

Pet rabbits are prone to being overweight due to their relative sedentary life as domestic pets, compared to their life in the wild. Being overweight puts pressure on the rabbit's heart and joints and may dramatically reduce your pet's lifespan. Pet rabbits are best kept indoors in order to keep them safe from predators and extreme weather. Remember: domesticated rabbits do not have the same natural abilities for survival as their wild relatives. Pet rabbits are domesticated prey animals who are highly sensitive to their environment. The natural curiosity and energy level of young children can create too much stress for most rabbits.

Pet bunnies are usually fine kept in a dry well-ventilated, sheltered corner of the garden or yard. Bunnies prefer a cool environment. They have no way to cool their bodies when it is hot. There must be protection from draughts, wind and rain. Rabbits are clean by nature and will usually use a litter box if one is provided. Most pet rabbits choose a corner of the litter box to designate as their "potty" area.

Pet rabbits are not suited to live in the ‘wild’. The females are constantly pregnant and the males fight with each other, often until one dies. Pet rabbits are also judged at 4-H competitions.

Bonding of pet rabbits simply means introducing another rabbit to your existing rabbit to co-exist with the other. The most important thing in bonding is to first have both rabbits spayed or neutered. Bonding your rabbit with another may take time, however. Territorial feelings can arise and result in aggression.

Pelleted litter is the best product to use for lining the litterbox and is preferred over wood shavings or corn cob. Pelleted litters are nontoxic, so they won't hurt your rabbit if digested and they draw moisture away, which keeps the surface drier and controls odor. Pelleted commercial food is probably the easiest diet to feed your rabbit. If you choose the mix type of foods then take care that the rabbit eats all of it and not just the most tasty bits!

They're easier to take care of than cat/dog, don't need yearly shots, don't make noises when you're gone, are very affectionate/lovable, and can be spade & neutered just like cat & dog can. I think they make great pets. They're not stupid, and they enjoy their freedom. The trick is to find something they like even more than freedom.

Cages that are spacious enough, easy to clean, and easy to for your rabbit to get in and out of, will make sharing your home with a rabbit so much easier. A cage that is large enough is important for the well-being of your pet rabbit, but is is no substitute for exercise and social time out of the cage. Cage maintenance also reduces the risk of developing harmful bacteria that might affect the rabbits health. Always check the waste disposal hatch daily and clean the uneaten food to avoid food poisoning. Cages can be purchased at pet lovers palace.com, farm supply stores or from rabbit raisers who make their own cages as well as sell them. Bedding straw should be replaced on a daily basis and the hutch should be cleaned thoroughly each week. Insect mesh around the hutch will protect the rabbits from mosquitoes and other insects. Bedding material should be provided especially in cold and wet weather for the outdoor rabbit. The best thing to use is straw on top of a layer of the wood shavings in the sleeping compartment.

Rabbit Show Basics is a comprehensive look at what happens at a rabbit show and how you can make the most of the each show. A Glossary of Terms in Showing Rabbits can help you decode the lingo used at rabbit shows. Rabbits also need to run and exercise everyday. Rabbits are social animals and pet rabbits need social interaction with their owner or other pet rabbits in order to be happy. Rabbits love sugar but should not be given cookies, chocolate or many of the other people treats they often are. I frequently read about owners feeding their rabbits table scraps and cringe.

Rabbits are social animals and can be good pets if delicately handled. They even respond to mild training and can even develop an interactive relationship with its owner. Rabbits should have plenty of room to get a really good run up to speed. They love to dance and do silly jumps when they are happy. Rabbits have very delicate spines and care should be taken in handling them. Never pick up your rabbit by the ears alone.

Rabbit training requires a lot of patience especially when you are training baby bunnies and unspayed bunnies. It is also advisable to put out more than two litter boxes while the rabbit is learning. Rabbits come in a variety of sizes, colors and personalities. They are warm, gentle creatures that require time, commitment and care. Rabbits should be allowed at least several hours outside of their housing to run, jump, explore and interact with their family daily. Multi-level bunny condos are also one way to give your rabbit the space they need while minimizing the amount of floor space dedicated to his/her housing.

Tracking Dog Training-Teaching Your Dog to Track

Usually it is police departments and hunters who are usually associated with tracking dogs, but these days teaching tracking to their dogs has become more and more popular for lots of other dog owners too. Schutzhund dog clubs and some kennel clubs hold tracking competitions for club members. It isn't difficult to train your own dog tracking right at home. Among other things, you can train your dog to track your kids, in case you want to find them in a hurry. Given some training, dogs can utilize their incredible sense of smell to find whatever you teach them to.

To get started with training tracking to your dog, just use the following three steps.

For getting started, you want to identify your dog's favorite play toy. It doesn't matter what kind of toy, as long as he really loves it. We want to teach your dog word association. Just put the toy somewhere your dog can see it in the room you are training him in. If his favorite plaything is a ball, for example, repeat the word ball frequently as you play with your dog. The dog will soon understand what the word ball means through your frequent repetitions.In a short time, your dog will know to look for his favorite toy every time you call for it by name. As soon as he locates the toy, give him a bunch of praise and a reward. Keep repeating this word association game with your dog until he sows he really has learned the lesson well.

The following step of the tracking training is to put the ball into another room. You should say ball (for example), and he should start looking around for the ball. Because the ball is now in a different room he won't be able to see it, but he should start sniffing around for it. Your dog should be able to follow his nose as he searches for his toy.You should follow him and be there to give him a bunch of praise as soon as he does find the toy. Just keep repeating this step until your dog is expert at quickly locating his toy. By giving him lots of praise and rewards you will increase his motivation to find the ball quickly. Hide the toy in different locations until you see that your dog has the ability to find the toy easily no matter where you have hidden it.

Since your dog is now an expert at finding his toy, he is ready to move on up to the next level of tracking training. To get started, wash all the old scents off of his favorite ball or toy. After the ball is clean, you should wrap your son or daughters used t-shirt or socks-something imprinted with their particular scent-this will let that particular smell get onto the ball. Let the ball acquire the odor of the clothing, and then play the ball game with your pet. Now, your dog learns to find his favorite ball by following the new scent-your child's.

You are now ready for the next step of the tracking dog training. This part is fun. Rather than hide his ball, have your son or daughter hide in a different room. Give your dog the command to find his toy-he will now be looking for your child's scent. You want to be right there the moment he finds your child to give him praise and a reward. Be sure to make a fun game of the searching and your pet will show you how eager he is to search and find what you want him to. Keep up the training by having your child hide further and further away, so your dog gets better at tracking over distance.

Before long, you will be able send your dog after your child to bring them home for dinner or when it is time to do their homework. Give the tracking training a try out with your dog-you'll find it is a fun game to play with your dog. If you find that you and your dog really enjoy the tracking, there are Kennel Clubs, and Schutzhund Clubs that hold tracking competitions.

Dog Training Jobs-Training Dogs for a Living

If you are a real dog lover who enjoys working with your own dog, maybe you can become a professional dog trainer. Due to all the popular dog training TV shows, jobs training dogs have become more sought after. These shows are bringing more awareness to viewers how important having a well trained dog can be to having a well behaved and enjoyable pet dog. Before getting a job training dogs, you need to get the knowledge and experience needed to become a professional dog trainer.

To learn more about jobs training dogs and what you would need to do to become a professional dog trainer, check out the Association of Pet Dog Trainers. This organization provides a lot of useful information about dog training jobs. You can communicate with members of the A.P.D.T., and find out about all the various aspects of the dog training business. The A.P.D.T. has a Forum for emailing questions and answers, provides seminars and newsletters, and can educate you about what it means to have a dog training business.

You can look up a dog trainer training academy to find a place to get yourself prepared for the dog training business. Besides learning the techniques of dog obedience training, you will also learn how to run a business in a good dog training academy. If your program is well put together it will feature the following curriculum

History of Dog Training-The history course will teach you the origins of organized dog training in the 19th Century, and bring you up to date with the latest techniques.

Animal Learning-In the animal learning section you are taught how animals understand and learn, and techniques used to correct and train dogs, such as: positive or negative reinforcement, desensitization, motivations, emotional response conditioning, habituations, etc. You will learn the best behavior modification techniques and which techniques are the most effective training methods to stop dog aggression and other behavior problems.

Dog Behavior-During the behavior courses you learn about dog development at various ages, social interaction and body language of dogs, hormonal influences, and much more.

Designing your classes-The information in this section of your schooling is going to teach you how to set up your own dog training business, and also how to work with other people who you will be involved with-such as employees and clients.

Business Management-The business management section of the training will teach you basic of operating your dog training business.

After you complete the training courses, you can get a national certification if you qualify from the Certification Council for Pet Dog Trainers.

Of course, when you start a business your goal is to be successful and make some money while training dogs. You will need to not only know about setting up training classes, but just as importantly, how to attract clients. You need to learn ways to make the classes fun and interesting for the dogs and their masters. After you are qualified, you can try to locate a job working under a mentor at his dog training school. Getting a job with a mentor gives you lots of practice training dogs and working with their owners as well. You also have a ringside seat in seeing how the dog training business is run on a day to day basis. You will greatly benefit from having experience like this before trying to open your own dog training business.

Once you have enough experience you are ready to start your own business. To promote your business, you can try to reach out to community groups, larger pet stores, veterinarians, and animal shelters for client referrals. Once you have trained some dogs, you can then start to get a lot of customers through word of mouth. So, if a job training dogs appeals to you, start by checking out the information provided by the A.P.D.T. or a training school near you.

Dog Training Problems-How to Correct Your Dog's Training Problems

Dog training problems are so commonplace because almost all of us attempt to train our dogs without the benefit of a good training program. Almost all of us make the same common mistakes when training our dogs. Making mistakes during the training results in dogs that are only partially trained and still have some behavior issues, and only sometimes listen to our commands .

Communicating with your dog the wrong way is one of the most common roadblocks to successful training. Many of us make the mistake of talking to our dogs as if the dogs were human, instead of canines. Many people really spoil their dogs. As with children, puppies and dogs need lots of guidance to learn how they fit in with the rest of the family and how to behave properly. If you haven't already learned from a really good dog training book or video program how to properly go about training your dog, it is very likely that you will have a variety of dog training problems.

Dogs communicate with each other quite effectively. Dogs communicate effectively through the use of body language and a variety of vocalizations.

You can avoid many of the common dog training problems by first learning from a good obedience training book about dog psychology and dog body language. Train your dog correctly from the beginning, and resolve many dog training problems before they even start.

Even if you started training your dog with imperfect results, or if you have adopted a dog with behavior problems, it is not to late to correct any mistakes already made. You can start using one of the good on-line dog obedience training courses, and learn a step by step approach to positive dog training. Each of the better programs that I have reviewed features positive training methods. These positive methods teach you the value of using positive reinforcement -praise and rewards from the trainer when the dog correctly does what it is commanded to do.

The best dog obedience courses also teach you the importance of being the alpha dog. You need to learn the types of vocal tones and body languages to use that are easy for your dog to understand. By becoming the alpha dog yourself, you gain your dog's respect, trust and confidence. After you have learned how to be the alpha dog, you will see your dog eager to pay attention and follow your lead. You do not need to be harsh or negative to become the alpha dog. Just by projecting the right type of attitude to your dog, you show him you are the leader. It is your dog's nature to want to please its alpha leader. If you can establish yourself as the alpha dog, you will be on your way to solving your dog training problems.

Training problems resulting from incorrect techniques or neglected training are easily noticeable. These are familiar problems like dog aggression towards other dogs or people, jumping up on people, barking excessively, running away, or not coming when called. By using the right techniques and a consistent training regimen, these problems are all correctable. Several short training lessons every day are needed to get good results with the obedience training. This is even more true with problem behaviors that have already become habituated. None of these problems begins overnight, so likewise it takes some time to overcome the problem.

However, the good news is you can get started with correcting these dog training problems as soon as you learn how. If you are the owners of a puppy, you can use a good program's information to avoid dog training problems right from the beginning. Whether you have a young puppy or a full grown dog, it is always important for your success to use the techniques of the best trainers.

Agility Training for Your Dog-A Great Idea for Very Athletic Dogs

Agility training for dogs is a great way to channel all of their abundant energy, and give it a productive outlet. The agility training gets him into the best shape of his life, and also increases his mental sharpness through problem solving.

A dog that is well exercised and happy is much more likely to refrain from bad behaviors. After all that training activity he will just want to relax-he'll be too tuckered out to cause mischief.

Of course, not all dog breeds are well suited for agility training. For instance, dogs descended from the working breeds such as Retrievers, Shepherds, Herding Breeds (collies, cattle dogs) Spaniels and Terriers are physically more suited for the agility training than very large breeds such as Great Danes, St. Bernards or a Mastiff. That is because the larger dog breeds are more likely to tire quickly and don't have the active personality needed for this activity. If a breed of dogs is too small, it is also unable to meet the physical demands of agility training-for instance, they can't make it over the jumps.

If your dog seems to have the right personality (very athletic and energetic), you might want to train your dog for agility contests. Make sure you have already obedience trained your dog before trying to teach him the agility exercises. That is because your dog will really need to listen and pay attention to your directions and hand signals to do the agility tricks required.

On the agility course, your dog will need to follow your hand signals to turn left or right, go fast or slow, etc. So, get a good foundation first with obedience training that includes using dog training hand signals, before you even start in with the agility training.

Wait until your dog has grown to full size prior to starting the agility training. A puppy won't be ready for the obstacle courses until he has become full grown. That usually means waiting until your puppy is at least a year or so old, (perhaps a bit longer for a larger breed) to get started with the agility training exercises. This kind of training for dogs over about 8 years old is not recommended since the training is harder for an aging dog's body to handle.

If you want to see a close up example of how the agility training is done, look up a Dog Agility Club in your area and check it out. I think you will really enjoy watching the dogs perform the obstacle course. If you have seen a competition on TV, you already know how amazing these dogs are. Obviously the agility training prepares the dogs to do some amazing tricks. Without some very good training and ability, there is no way a dog could perform these courses.

When you watch an agility match, it is obvious that both the dogs and their trainers are really enjoying themselves. Any dog lover will get a kick out of seeing the end results of the agility training. It is no wonder so many people are becoming interested in dog agility clubs.

Through the agility training exercises, your dog will learn how to do things like crawl through a tunnel, walk over a teeter-tooter, jump over hurdles, climb up and down a tall A-frame structure, and weave his way through a series of "weave poles". By combining all these exercises together, your dog will be sharp both mentally and physically. Another good side benefit of the training will also be exercising you right along with your dog.

To get started with agility training for your own dog (if he fits the profile of being physically active and the right size for the training) check out to see if there is an agility training club near you. Don't be intimidated by how difficult the exercises look. By teaching each step progressively the training becomes something you and your pet can handle.

Training Show Dogs

Dog show competitions are increasingly popular and are enjoyed by lots of dog owners around the world. The dog shows are a great way to show off one's prized pet. Show dog training requires your dog to not only become very obedient but also to stay calm during the probing of a judge while his confirmation is being examined. While the judge examines your dog he must remain relaxed and keep the correct pose throughout the examination.

There are several different categories that the show dogs will fall into, so they can compete with dogs having similar characteristics. The categories are divided up based on the types of activities each breed is most skilled at. The seven different categories include sporting, non-sporting, hound, terrier, working, herding and toy. Besides have a terrific confirmations, the dog must be able to impress the judges with their obedience skills. Dogs will have to show off their stuff, whether it is a working dog running an obstacle course, or a herding dog working some livestock. For sporting dogs, the test will check out their abilities as field dogs. You can find dog show competitions for many different types of dogs and their associated skills. Dog agility competitions are another fun thing to train your dog for-if he is really athletic, that is.

Check this list out to see where your dog fits in.

Sporting Dogs - These types of dogs were originally bred for hunting and retrieving game birds-either on land or in the water. Included in the sporting group are retrievers, Spaniels, Pointer and Setters.

Hound Dogs - The hound class specializes in hunting through either sight or scent. Among the various hound breeds are beagles, dachshunds, greyhounds and bassets, to name a few.

Working Dogs - Working dogs are the breeds of dogs originally bred for guarding property, search and rescue or even pulling a cart. The working group includes such breeds as Doberman Pinschers, Boxers, Akitas and St. Bernard dogs.

Terrier Dogs-Terriers were bred to be specialists in eliminating vermin from farms. The Terrier group includes dogs such as the Airedale, Cairn Terrier and Scottish Terrier, Jack Russell Terriers and many more.

Toy Breeds - Toy breeds are miniature dogs-the result of breeding down the size to make little household companion dogs. In addition to many other little breeds, the Toy group includes dogs like Poodles, Pomeranians, Maltese, and Pugs.

Non-Sporting Dogs - In the non-sporting group there is a pretty diverse group of breeds, that mainly have become companion dogs, and includes dogs like Standard Poodles, Chows, Dalmatians and Bulldogs.

Herding Dogs - Herding dogs were bred to help control livestock, and include breeds like German shepherd dogs, Collies, and various kinds of Sheepdogs.

You can train your dog to enter the dog show in his group if you are interested, and he is well trained enough. For those interested in entering their dogs in a dog show competition, you should check in with a local Kennel Club to learn more. By joining a kennel club near you, you can meet and network with other show dog handlers to get some good advice getting started with show dog training for your dog.

For example, if your dog is a working dog, you can talk with an owner who also has a dog in the same group as your dog, and find out what you'll need to learn to prepare your dog for the competition. By watching and learning from a more experienced dog handler, familiar with dog show competitions, you will quickly learn the right way to perform the show dog training your dog needs to compete.

Before you consider show dog competitions, be sure you have already given your dog his obedience training. If you haven't already fully obedience trained your dog, of course you will need to concentrate on that before even thinking about entering a contest.

Communication: The Key in Sheltie Training

Every sheltie owner's dream is to have a sheltie that is pleasant to be around - reliably housebroken and free from behavior problems. Is there any better way to turn this dream into reality than to provide appropriate sheltie training? Successful sheltie training is not impossible to achieve. In fact, there are lots of techniques effective in training a pet to become well-behaved. But regardless of the training technique preferred, dog owners or trainers must remember that communication has greater role in this endeavor.

Do you think you would be able to teach your kids if you can't effectively communicate with them? The same it goes when training your dog. Failure to establish effective communication between you and your dog may lead to failure in training. But the problem is, how can you communicate with your dog properly when you do not speak the same language?

While human conveys information to a dog by giving verbal commands, dog in turn respond through barking and body signals. It is therefore vital that the handler understands and knows how to interpret the dog's body movement. For instance, most people are aware that wagging tail conveys playfulness, excitement, contentment or happiness. However, it may also mean anxiety, apprehension or submissive placation. This stance, when combined with another body language such as facial expression or direction of vision conveys clearer meaning. A dog that is confused, stressed or distracted is enable to learn efficiently so you may want to resume your sheltie training some other time.

Dogs also use body language to show signs that they need to eliminate. Sniffing the floor, pacing, whimpering, staring at you, looking restless or walking to a door are common signs to watch out for to avoid accidents in the house.

Owners/handlers should also be consistent with their tone of voice. A verbal command "no" given in a firm voice may mean different to a dog when spoken using gentle tone.

Communication is an important process both to humans and animals. Rapport as well as chaos occurs when there is accurate or wrong information conveyed. Establishing good communication with your dog, at the same time employing appropriate training techniques will only lead to nothing but the most well-trained dog everybody loves to be around.

Sheltie Training Collar Guide

With the number of dogs being registered every year, it is evident that many people are amazed with what a furry four-legged creature can do. Dogs have "cuteness" factor that is guaranteed to steal almost every pet lover's heart. One of those breeds that possess such cuteness is the shetland sheepdog. This breed is not only champion in appearance. They also have high level of intelligence which is important in becoming successful in sheltie training.

Sheltie training is not impossible neither a very easy task. But to achieve your goals of having a behaved pet, it is important that you are well aware of what works best, including training tools, for your pet. Training tools such as collar must top the list of must-haves for your pet. But take note that, you just can't choose whatever collar you like. You have to consider it's:

Functionality.

Collars vary depending on their purpose. Choke collars, also called chain collars are commonly used to train service dogs or agility training. This type of collar, though often recommended to first time dog owners, must be used with caution to prevent accident. Head collars, though they look like muzzles, have different purpose. Use this if you want to have more control over your dog particularly when training him to walk on a leash and heel. Pronged collars are ideal for giant breeds while electronic collars can be used to dogs that are seemingly untrainable. However, be cautious when using the latter for it is not advisable for youngd dogs or those with health problems.

Size and comfort.

A collar must fit comfortably around a dog's neck. It must not be too tight to choke your dog's neck or too loose to be able your dog to slip off it. You should be able to fit two fingers between your pet's neck and collar to ensure that the collar is correctly placed.

Affordability.

Although quality is often associated with price, expensive ones may not be neccessary all the time. You may only need simple and cheap collars when training your dog to stop barking or chewing.

Collars are effective sheltie training tools but bear in mind that what they are doing is part of the job only. Remember that using positive reinforcement such as praise and treats are important as well.

Lack of Sheltie Training Can Lead to Excessive Barking

There can be many reasons for a person or family to get a new dog. Active families can get a dog to join them in their outdoor activities. A dog also makes great companion to someone who lives alone. Many of them are guard dogs, show dogs and a lot are also used to assist disabled persons. But regardless of their purpose or role in their human's lives, every dog needs training. Yes, even the trainable shetland sheepdog needs proper sheltie training too.

Training plays a vital role in every dog's life. Not only can it teach your dog to perform tricks but lack of it can result to undesirable behavior such as excessive barking. While barking is a normal behavior among dogs, too much of it is not acceptable anymore. Would you want to stay up the whole night and hope that your pet will get tired of barking soon? Would you want to learn from your neighbors that Fido is barking too much when you're out? Dogs are intelligent creatures. If they are not physically or mentally challenged, they get bored easily which results to behavior problems including excessive barking.

To prevent your sheltie from developing such habit, better start your shetland sheepdog training at the earliest possible time. Socialization should start at around three weeks of age. This aims to expose the pup in social play, social investigation and playful sexual behavior. At around eight weeks of age, start training tricks and basic commands. Proper socialization and training can help a pup develop social interactions both with humans and other dogs in the later life.

When your sheltie has formed the habit of too much barking, identify what triggers him to do so. By doing this, you can easily determine the proper way to solve the problem. If your dog is barking out of aggression, the best thing to do is to make your dog realize that you are the leader of the pack and mustn't show dominance over you. If you notice that your dog is barking excessively in the presence of other dogs or when he's alone, then probably your dog wants to tell you that he is afraid. As the owner, find out what makes your dog afraid and try to deal with it. Move your dog in if he's afraid to be alone outside or get him used to the presence of other dogs and humans if he is scared of them.

Control your temper as much as possible. Never abuse or punish your sheltie physically for it will only worsen the scenario. By being patient, determined and consistent, you will eventually become successful in training your sheltie to stop barking too much.

Cleaning Up Pet Stains

Cleaning up pet stains, (especially those with strong pet urine odors) promptly and thoroughly will help to prevent future problems. Cleaning up pet urine properly is a lot of work, but it’s certainly worth the effort. Clean area thoroughly and rinse with warm water. Wipe the area with a sponge dampened with an enzyme cleaner.

Super Concentrate Brampton Pet Odor Eliminator go to work immediately to break up the stain, while complex deodorizers remove odors until they're gone permanently. Removes all traces of the odor to protect against re-marking. Super Concentrate Brampton Pet Odor Eliminator is the only eliminator that is effective and does not exchange one odor for another.

Urine is one stain we cannot have any guarantees on. The stains could be permanent, although we usually have a very good chance of removal. Urine contamination is a common and stubborn problem that cannot be resolved with conventional cleaning methods. Pet urination can result in significant damage. Urine stains that can't be seen by the naked eye will fluoresce under a black light.

Remove any solid materials. Saturate the spot with neutralizer and allow it to permeate the surface for ten minutes or more. Start from the outside of the stain and move to the center. Never scrub outward as you may spread the odor further out in the carpet.

Removing pet odor, eliminating pet stain, cat urine, and dog urine odor, is a simple easy solution. Remove pet odor from carpets, pet odor cleaner, and removing pet urine odor. use Super Concentrate Brampton Pet Odor Eliminator to remove stubborn spots and stains from all types of rugs and carpets. Removing pet odor and removing pet odors has never been more simple than with the pet odor removal products and pet odor products from "Pet Lovers Palace". All of our pet products are available at everyday low discount prices and fast shipping.

Super Concentrate Brampton Pet Odor Eliminator is an enzyme based solution that works by "digesting" the protein found in cat urine. It’s one of the top-selling brands of stain and odor remover and gets heaps of accolades from cat owners. Natural Chemistry safely combats the root of the problem making the home a healthier place to be. Safe for People, Pets and the Planet. The biodegradable formula will not harm or discolor carpets or upholstery, or irritate sensitive skin, eyes or noses.Start from the outside of the stain and move to the center. Brampton Pet Odor Eliminator combines the best cleaning technologies to create the most effective, pet safe formula available. This advance oxygen infused, bio-enzymatic formula deeply penetrates to eliminate tough pet stains and odors including pet urine, feces and vomit, discouraging the growth of bacteria and germs.

Brampton Pet Odor Eliminator and beneficial bacteria formulas work great on all kinds of pet stains, but they need time to work. Make sure to penetrate the area with the formula and let it dry naturally for 24-48 hours.

Professional processes use enzymes and other solutions that effectively bond with the cat urine and allow it to be removed, instead of just being masked. Brampton Pet Odor Eliminator removal has more powerful methods of treatment.

Why Should I Spend $100 Or More On A Dog Bed When I Can Get One From Wal-Mart/Petco For $20?

Many times people look at the beds at Poochieheaven and think they are too highly priced. They think that these beds are the same as the ones from Wal-Mart/Petco that they can get for $20. We realized that it can be a big decision to spend this much on a bed when you don’t get the chance to see it. But we would like to reassure you that you will love it and your dog will thank you for purchasing one of our high quality beds.

1. Higher Quality. We only carry beds that are high quality and are not going to fall apart on you after your dog has laid on it for a week. If you are purchasing 4 beds a year at $20, doesn’t it make sense to buy one at $100 that will last you many years? Many of our beds are also custom made in the USA with high quality fabric, stuffing, and threading. Not cheaply made in China with inferior products.

2. More Stuffing. Did you buy your dog bed and think I wouldn’t even want to sleep on this? Does your dog’s bed flatten out after a few weeks of use? Our large dog beds at Poochieheaven have more stuffing so they don’t look like pancakes and don’t flatten out after a few weeks of use. They are made with high quality filler that will last much longer. Ever wonder why your dog likes sleeping on your bed and the couch?

3. Better Fabrics. Most of our beds are made in the USA and made to order. They are made with high quality fabric that can be washed and laid on and still look good. Some beds even are designed to look better with each wash!

4. More Options. Have you ever looked at the store and all beds seem to be the same- just a different color? At Poochieheaven we have many options from a dog couch, to round beds, to kennel mats. These options will allow you to get the best bed for your dog and their sleeping needs. Every dog is different, so getting a bed that suits them is critical. Many also can be personalized- great for a one of a kind bed.

5. Long Lasting. A high quality dog bed is something that your dog will sleep on and use multiple times per day, every day. Don’t you want to get your dog something comfortable for when they use it? If you were to break down the price spent on a bed divided by the number of times your dog actually slept on it, you are talking about pennies or less per use. This is a fantastic deal!

How to Handle a Stray Dog

If you live in lighter residential areas and suburb areas of your community, chances are you have probably seen someone's lost dog wandering around the neighborhood. You probably think about the family that the pet may belong to. Most of us want to be able to help get that dog back to its family, but may be hesitant to take responsibility of the situation. If you follow a few guidelines, handling these situations don't have to be overwhelming.

First off, you should never approach a stray dog if you have any concerns about your safety getting involved in the situation. If you are uncomfortable approaching it, call animal control and have them handle it. Most of the time the first place people check after they are unable to find their dog by searching locally is animal control.

If you are comfortable approaching the dog, once you've secured the animal, check to see if it has a number, or address, or GPS tracking device first. If no identifying items are found begin by asking around your neighborhood and immediate area. Most of the time, the dog probably lives within a few street of your residence.

If you and your neighbors are unable to determine the pet's owner, and you do not wish to take the animal to a shelter, you can make some flyers and post them in the area. You can call your local animal control and give them your name, number, address and description of the dog so they can notify the owners to get in contact with you if they are contacted.

Check around to see if the owner's placed flyers for it and check the lost dog section of your local news paper.

If time goes by and the owner is not located, the only choices are to take the dog to your local animal shelter or keep and care for the animal as your own pet or until the owner is eventually found.

More than likely someone is searching for their loved one. Reunited a pet, which sometimes is viewed as a family member by some is one of the greatest things you can do for someone. Hopefully if you run across a lost pet you can help it find its way home.

4 Steps To Win The War Against Fleas

Step One: Know your enemy

Fleas are the most common external parasite found on dogs and cats. A single flea can bite your pet over 400 times a day, leading to itching and painful scratching, which can in turn lead to reddening, irritated skin and hair loss in the area, or cause more serious (and costly) skin conditions like dermatitis (rashes or tiny crusts) caused by an allergic reaction to the flea´s saliva.

They can also transmit the serious tapeworm parasite if your pet swallows an infested flea while self-grooming. In a single day, a flea can consume more than it´s body weight worth of blood, which can provoke serious anemia to your dog or cat. In some cases such as extreme infestations or in the case of young, ill or old pets, this can lead to death.

Step Two: Find the Flea

It is important to detect the presence of fleas on your pet before they can reach the harmful levels described above, where your pets suffering becomes evident. When the fleas first make their appearance on your pet, you might be deceived into thinking that their scratching, nibbling or licking their hair coat and skin is part of their normal grooming routine.

Therefore you must check your pet periodically, especially during warm seasons or indoor conditions (heater or fireplace in use inside the house). Carefully look for fleas around the head, neck and ears of your pet, and inspect the armpits and legpits. You might see small dark fleas moving around, but don´t be misled if you don´t see them as they are very good at hiding between skin folds and fur.

The best way to determine the flea´s presence in your pet is to search their coat for flea feces. To do this, rub or comb (you can use a special flea comb) your pet´s coat and dump the collected hair or litter into a damp white paper towel.

If your pet has fleas, black flecks will fall onto the paper and turn red or rust color when wet. The reddish color comes from the blood sucked by the flea and transferred to the feces. If the black flecks don’t become red then it´s just regular dirt. You can also test your pets resting place with this method.

Remember that the feces are food for the larvae, so it keeps the flea´s life cycle rolling on. (Nasty! I guess we all do it in a sense, but fleas literally grow/come from their parents crap! Remember to repeat this procedure periodically, especially if your pet has been enjoying the sunny outdoors.

If you do find fleas, you must act fast against them, as they can rapidly invade your home. Fortunately, fleas are getting easier to control as there is a wide range of safe and effective products available in the market to fight them.

Step three: Attack and Destroy the Flea

Most flea problems can be eliminated by treating the fleas directly on your pet. You can take your pet to a vet so he can determine if a prescription medication is necessary, or you can use over the counter products, such as flea collars, sprays, shampoo, liquid, topical products and powders that can be applied directly on your pet´s body. Some products kill only adult fleas, while others prevent the eggs from developing. Deciding which method is best for your case may require consultation with a veterinarian.

If your pet is seriously infested, you will need to treat their resting spot and possibly your home. Frequent vacuuming of the areas your pet frequents will usually get rid of fleas at their different life stages (eggs, larvae, or adult fleas). Authorized pest control services may also treat your pet´s outdoor environment in severe cases where this is required. It is also very important that you treat any other pets in your home, as fleas can jump from one to another.

Step 4: Prevention (This should be step one, but if you are reading this it’s probably because you already have fleas!)

Due to the flea´s rapid expansion rate, they can be hard to eliminate completely, therefore prevention is essential. So whether you find fleas on your pet or not, many veterinarians recommend treating pets monthly as part of their health care routine.

It is especially recommended to treat your pet at the beginning of the warm seasons, as fleas thrive in warm environments. Vacuuming your pet´s favorite spots frequently will also prevent the fleas from reproducing and invading your house. Taking these simple steps, you and your pet can enjoy a flea free environment year round

American Bulldog Breeders

So you are ready to buy a quality American Bulldog Puppy. Make sure you are buying your puppy from a quality breeder. With google search listing over 7 million results for "American Bulldog Breeder" you definitely have your work cut out for you. I have compiled a list of useful information and questions you should ask your breeder before making your purchase.

1. Always, always, always make sure they have their adult or breeding stock dogs clearly displayed on their website or can email pictures. I have been told by so many puppy buyers that they were scammed. They bought an adorable puppy only to have a VERY UGLY adult bulldog. NEWSFLASH... all puppies are adorable, all puppies are sweet, a lot of mixed breed bulldogs look like bulldogs when they are young. Do yourself a favor and take a look at the parents, if you don't like them then pass on the puppy. If you love the dad and the mom is not so nice, skip that breeding too!!!!! You want to be proud of what is on the end of your leash.

2. Don't buy an American Bulldog puppy from a single picture. Make sure you see your puppy from all different angles. The breeder may not have these pictures on their website, but they will have them... so ask for some more pictures so you can make your decision. You are already doing the impossible...picking out a dog on pictures alone, so get more pictures so you can make the best decision possible.

3. Make sure you actually TALK to your breeder, I have heard many horror stories over the years from people that got scammed by fake breeders. If they don't have a telephone number then they more than likely don't have any "real" puppies for sale. If your breeder is local and they won't let you come over and take a look at all of the puppies don't be alarmed! Diseases and viruses are a breeders worst nightmare. I have seen entire kennels just about wiped out because something was brought onto their yard. If you do go to a breeders kennel be courteous, offer to wash your hands and shoes before touching any of the dogs. AND... if you have recently been around a puppy with Parvo DO NOT go to another breeder's kennels! Parvo is very contagious, and is easily transported on your your hands or even your shoes.

4. "Google" their name... you will be surprised what information is just sitting out there on google. With the new world of myspace, facebook, and blogs you are bound to run across them and can see what others are saying. With that said internet research is so unregulated that not everything you read is not true. People's opinions are just that, an opinion... so read everything you find and form your own opinions. If you do read something that you are questioning just ask your breeder about it, there are always 2 sides to every story and both sides need to be heard to form your own opinion. (side note: don't believe ANYTHING you see on ripoffreport.com WHY? go here to see why: http://www.reportsripoff.com/index.php

5. Reputable breeders don't sell to just anyone! If your breeder does not get "personal" with you they are most likely a "puppy mill". Your breeder should take an interest in you, your family, and where the bulldog is going to spend the rest of it's life. I personally like to know where my puppy is going, will it live inside or outside, are there any other pets, how much property will they be living on, are the new owners experienced dog owners, are the new owners planning on breeding the puppy later, are there any children in the home? It is important that the puppies personality blends well with you and your family.

6. OK... my BIGGEST PET PEEVE... Make sure your breeder does not breed PUPPIES !!!!!!!! I have ran across american bulldog breeders (you know who you are) that breed young females. Make sure the mother of the puppies is at least 2 years old (or very close to 2). Why? There are a ton of genetic conditions that don't surface until a bulldog reaches maturity. Also, breeding a 1 year old PUPPY is like a 12 year old having a baby, it is just not healthy!

7. Make sure your breeder really genuinely loves the breed. Your breeder should be very knowledgeable about bulldog history and pedigrees. This shows true dedication and years of great research on their part. Knowing their dogs and the generations behind them will help to ensure you have a breeder that cares about what the outcome of their breeding program is.

8. I personally have a clause in my puppy contact that requires you to keep me informed with the puppies whereabouts for it's entire life. Breeder-Buyer relationships shows that a breeder stands behind their breeding program and wants to create a relationship with the new owner. If the breeder cares anything about the breed and their breeding program they will want to keep track of where all their puppies are going and make sure they have a great forever home.

9. So, you don't want a really rowdy puppy because of the new baby, or you LOVE to run 5 miles a day and want a running partner. Your breeder should be able to steer you toward a particular puppy or breeding to accommodate your wants and needs. Yes, every puppy has a distinct personality and activity levels will change, but a breeder should know the generations behind what they are breeding to get a great idea of the outcome.

10. Always ask your breeder why they chose to breed the dogs together. Were they looking for a particular color, size, temperament, activity level? If they don't have a clue then they probably just "stuck 2 together" for the all mighty dollar.

Stages of Havanese Training

There are various objectives of dog training. A dog can be trained to obey commands, perform tricks, compete in agility, assist physically handicapped, rescue victims of disaster or hunt, track and herd animals. But in the case of havanese, they are not expected neither have to learn all those things. Although it's not totally impossible, you cannot expect a havanese to rescue trapped travelers in the snow like Saint Bernards do. Havanese training usually includes housebreaking, obedience training and training tricks - be it simple or tricks for circus acts.

Before training a havanese to fetch ball or to play dead, socialization should take place first. This period starts at around three weeks of age and may end at around 12 weeks of age, although some believe that socialization is a lifetime process. During this period, puppies are encouraged to use their natural curiosity to investigate and to playfight with the littermates and the mother. They must be exposed to people and other puppies and animals as well. This is very important in helping them develop social relationships and prevent behavior related problems later.

Puppies should not be taken away from their mothers until eight weeks of age. They should be taken to their permanent homes in arund eight to ten weeks for they can adapt to new environment during this period. Basic tricks and commands training can also start at eight weeks of age.

When puppies are placed in their permanent homes, havanese training should start as soon as possible. Introduction to family members particularly to other pets if there is any should be done properly to prevent dominance issues and other behavior related problems. Housebreaking should also begin as soon as possible. Puppies have limited control of their bladder and bowel thus close supervision is necessary to prevent accident in the house. They must be taken out to potty after waking up in the morning, after eating or drinking, after exercise or play, when happy or nervous and before going to bed. This should be done until they are able to control their bladder/bowel and develop proper potty habit.

Successful havanese training cannot be achieved in just a couple of days - some may even take weeks. But with patience, consistency and determination, you will soon reap the fruits of your hard work.

Benefits of Havanese Training

The havanese, often described as playful dog with friendly temperament, is considered as highly trainable dog. But even if they are considered as such, it does not necessarily mean that havanese training is not signifact anymore. Training, regardless of breed and the breed's level of intelligence and trainability, is a very important part of dog ownership. Wouldn't you feel proud and happy if your four-legged family member can do tricks and perform behavior that is acceptable by humans?

Not only that, it will make dog ownership easier as well. With a reliably housetrained dog, you will no longer have to worry about the heaps of poop you will discover when you arrive home. And naturally, you will never have to spend hours cleaning the area where the accident took place. Furniture, socks, pants, rugs and other household and personal items are also safe from scratches and being chewed on.

Training is the most effective approach in the prevention of small dog syndrome and dog behavior problems such as aggression. Jumping, licking or biting will never have to be a problem anymore provided appropriate training has been done. You wil also less likely hear complaints from neighbors and guests about your dog's obnoxious behavior. In other words, training helps you raise a dog that is pleasant to be around.

Training also strengthens dog-owner bonding and friendship. As owner, you will get to know how your dog reacts to things or what keeps him interested. The pet on the other hand will learn how to respond to you, what keeps you happy or angry and what they should do to get your attention. Once you and your dog has created a great friendship, expect that you can always count on your dog to bring you happiness and protect you in times of danger.

Havanese training is not something you do to benefit your havanese alone. A dog learns a lot from training, and you in turn gains a lot from a well-trained havanese. Although what you gained does not always make you financially rich, one thing is for sure - it will make you rich in terms of love, happiness, friendship and pride.

Havanese Training: Raising an Obedient Havanese

A person may bring home a new dog for various reasons. It could be that he is living alone and wants to have a loyal and loving companion. Or he aims to have a dog that can do works such as herding, hunting or asissting handicaps. But regardless of the purpose of getting a four-legged family member, may we all remember that the rule of thumb is to raise an obedient dog everybody loves to be around. This calls for dog training, specifically havanese training for havanese, in order to arrive to this satisfying conclusion.

Although they do not have the reputation as head-strong, they are more likely to develop into one without appropriate training. And unsurprisingly, a stubborn at the same time aggressive havanase is surely a pain in the neck. To raise your dog to become obedient, you need:

Consistency in training. If you want to train your dog to stop jumping on people, be consistent in doing it. A dog cannot identify the difference between a pajama and a tuxedo so do not expect that you will be able to train your dog not to jump on you when you have your expensive tuxedo on yet allow him to jump when you are on your pajamas. The tone of voice can be confusing as well. The word "no" when spoken in a firm voice may convey a different meaning when spoken in a gentle tone.

Patience to train. No matter how clever a havanese seems to be, do not expect that training a certain behavior will only take a few hours. Dogs learn through constant practice and losing patience while on the course of training will only yield unpleasant result. If your patience is as thin as your hair, then you may want to reconsider your decision of having a dog.

Training knowledge. Even if you are the most patient person in the world, it will not be enough in order to train your dog to become an obedient one. You still need to know what training technique works best for your dog. Once you have determined that your havanese responds well to positive reinforcements such as treats and praise, stick to it and be consistent. In due time, you will soon be seeing the fruits of your effort.

An obedient dog brings joy and pride to his owner. Is there any better to have an obedient dog than through successful havanese training?

Outdoor Accommodation - Birds Aviary

If you are far into the aviculture, probably you will feel the inevitability to have more specimens. If you have bird rooms or aviaries, you can have a great numbers of birds in different variations.

There are different suggestions for housing various birds- from parrots to finches.

There are a lot of types aviaries – already built in flat pack so they are very convenient. But also they are very expensive.

When you choose an aviary be sure that it is practical and has all the basic needs:birds need shelter to get out in bad weather, you need a safety porch for access without the possibility birds to fly away and also there should be a roof against wild bird droppings and other elements. Also the aviary should look nice and be functional.

Of course it will be cheaper and unique if you make it yourself. For getting ideas how it to look like you may use ready-made aviaries.To build your own aviary you have to obtain good DIY skills or you may use ready-made panels- 6ft high and 3ft wide, they are easy to work with.

Design

Aviary’s design depends on what are birds you are going to keep, the available space and the materials for building it.

If you have finches then a wooden house for them is good, but for more destructive birds as cockatoos and other hookbill birds as budgies and macaws you will need a metal frame.

The birds you have determine the size of the mesh. For finches, budgies and cockatiels it should be square 1/2inch by 1/2 inch, it is safer. For them the thinner 19G (gauge) mesh is proper. 16G mesh is good for senegals and conures, 14G or 12G mesh is good for macaws and cockatoos; 2 by 2 inch is suitable for the larger parrots and often it is cheaper.

The shelter can be added as a box, attached to the top or you’d better have bird room or a shed that has an indoor flight and allows birds to fly during bad weather. It is also recommended that there should be a selection of perches for the birds to sleep at night.The flight inside the shed will be not as large as the main flight, birds use it for exercises. During good weather in warm seasons the birds may sleep where they want, but in winter or at cold nights they have to be shut. Birds can get in through a stable door whose top is open or through a pop-hole.

The shelter could be wooden or from bricks and can be easily adapted and insulated. There should be enough light via windows or if it is not sufficient there should be artificial lighting or a mix of both so birds can feel comfortable to be fed and the owner can work in the evening.

Temperature is also very important, especially for the most fragile birds. You can choose tubular convector heaters with built in thermostats for the temperature or separate heater-thermostat units.

For the good health of your birds also air filters or ionizers would help. They remove feather dust from the air, which is dangerous for people suffering from asthma.

Choosing The Site

Place the aviary far from trees against falling leaves and branches, but put it in sight of the house and to a direction where morning sunlight comes from. Leave a room around it so in the future if you decide to expand it to have that opportunity. Set the aviary away from the main roads because if you do not consider it, your birds could be startled by the car lights and they are exposed to a risk from the opportunist thief.

Also you should discuss your ideas with your neighbors and check with local authorities if planning permission is needed.

Put down a solid footing against predators and for hygiene reasons.If you have soil floor it is perfect breeding ground for bacteria parasites and is difficult for cleaning .The best solution is concrete, never mind that it is permanent. Predators can not dig it and it is ideal for disinfection. It you are put off its permanent feature, consider the alternative to lay slabs,they have almost the same effect but they are less permanent.

After the footing is set, it is time for the aviary panels. Put a layer of brickwork round the bottom and drill holes 1ft from either end in the panels.Then it is easy to fix the panels together with nuts and bolts. That way they are easy to be dismantled if they have to be moved or replaced. The best method is to fix first the shelter and then to fix the panels to it.

Risks

Predators like birds of prey, rodents, mice,rats and other, foxes, snakes and cats are the enemies of the birds and you have to think about buying ultra-sonic devices which are harmless to your birds,they emit radio waves that scare off the predators.Good hygiene, laying traps and cleaning up spilt seed will help you against rodents and also snakes will be kept away if you place panels on brick work.

Treat your birds for parasites at least once a year .Regular disinfecting and cleaning will reduce the risk if illness.

You should do something against thieves and the elements, too. You aviary should be built sturdy and locks to every door should be fitted. Motion sensitive security lighting and a high quality security alarm are good investment .These preventative measures should deter the thieves .It will be hard for you to control the elements so offer a shelter and keep birds warm and dry.

Check List

Before introducing birds in your own built aviary, allocate a section listing needed things.

Neighbors' approval and permission to build

Proper site with plenty of room

The right frame and wire for the birds

Shelter for the birds

Solid floor

Air filter

Predator protection

Practical/sturdy design

Heating

Safety porch security

Plan in details

The Birds

When you keep birds you have to follow some general rules.

Don’t mix beak type with others, keep them saparately

The same species have to be kept together

You have to know each bird

Because of the strength of the beak of the hookbills it is dangerous to keep them with housing finches, otherwise they could kill or injure a finch.Of course those which are gentle-natured like grass parakeets can be an exception. If you are not sure but definitely want to mix certain types, ask for advice an experienced bird keeper.

Even for small types like budgies and finches, it is not recommended to be mixed as they could be territorial and aggressive and can kill a bird.

If you know your birds well you will be able to mix them or to pick out sick birds from those in good health.

Aviaries can cost a lot but with quality materials, good planning and care, they will bring you pleasure and excitement for whole life. Draw up some plans, consult other bird keepers for unseen flaws and start .It is a a good investment if you have an overmastering desire for having a great number of birds.

7 Tips You Must Know Before Training Your Chihuahua

Training your Chihuahua to be your Best Bud

We have all seen the tiny Chiwawa, small enough to fit in the crook of your arm but mighty enough to take on an intruder ten times its size. The Chi dog is a special breed of dog that craves attention and will strive very hard to make you happy. But just like any other dog, attitude comes with discipline and puppy training is the key.

Start with the Number One Basic Rule

The first sixteen weeks of your Chihuahua's life are very formidable. Since many live to be eighteen years old, what you do in the beginning can shape them into either a personable companion or a snippy little tyrant. Dogs are all creatures of their heredity when they used to run in packs and every pack has a leader. Puppy training your Chiwawa to recognize you, as the leader is the very first thing that they need to learn to put them at ease.

How do I know my Chihuahua is Happy with Puppy Training?

The Chi dog is intelligent and attentive to its leader, which is you. Beginning with potty training, spend the necessary time, encouraging and praising your dog and reward with treats. Be careful not to fuss over your Chi dog and do not reward unless an order is obeyed. When one puppy-training goal has been reached, move on to the next. Crate training is important in establishing their territory and when praised and rewarded, your dog will look forward to learning a new lesson. Remember, when you are happy, your Chiwawa is happy.

The Chihuahua, A Social Butterfly

Socialization and obedience is part of puppy training. Your Chiwawa needs to know what is expected of them in public and around other dogs and people. This is a huge step in building your bond that will last a lifetime. You will begin to form as a team, each knowing the other's moves, just like a best friend. Your dog wants to be a huge part of your life and going on outings can be a real treat for both of you when your Chi dog is trained to interact well with others.

Should I let my Chihuahua have the Run of the House?

A Chiwawa does not like to be alone but you can't take him/her to work with you or to church. Puppy training to stay alone without anxiety separation is another hurdle that must be jumped. Remember, you are the leader and your Chi needs guidance as to what his/her role is when you are away. With proper training, your dog will not be afraid, anxious or angry upon your leaving. It will just be a part of the routine to go to the crate when you need to depart.

Keeping your Chihuahua Healthy

Do not overfeed your Chiwawa. An overweight dog gets tired and sluggish and is bad for their health and attitude. Dogs are not people and their systems do not react the same as ours. You are doing damage when sharing your food or overfeeding because you think they are hungry. Get tips on the proper weight from your vet and stick to it. Having a Chi as your best bud can be very rewarding for a long time for both of you when proper puppy training is correctly put into action.

Last thing - Be Consistent in Your Puppy Training!

I can't stress how important it is to be consistent in training your Chi. If you allow your Chi to bite and tear an old t-shirt, you are actually expecting it to do the same thing your beautiful dinner gown one day. They do not know how to differentiate which fabric is allowed to bite and which is not.

Yorkie Grooming - How to Groom Your Yorkshire Terrier

For most pet owners, grooming a Yorkie can be quite challenging. Here you will find a few tips on how to groom your Yorkie, especially those things that you should do yourself at home:

1) Bathing is a must! Frequency of bathing depends on the type of shampoo you use on your Yorkie and, of course, on how dirty he is. I use a natural shampoo on our fur babies (our own shampoo - visit http://www.yorkieshampoo.com), and I bathe them once a week. Natural (organic) shampoos do not strip the natural oils out of the skin and hair, and bathing more frequently is okay. But, if you use a standard shampoo (one with alcohol and other chemical ingredients), it is (in my opinion) best to bathe your Yorkie about once every 2 weeks. Chemical products can remove the natural oils from the skin and hair. This can cause damage to the hair if used too frequently. But, if your Yorkie is dirty, give him a bath. I just don’t suggest bathing more than once every 2 weeks with a regular shampoo if your Yorkie is not dirty. As far as conditioning the hair, you can do that each time your bathe your Yorkie. For Yorkies with a more cottony or a modified (part silk, part cotton) coat, more frequent conditioning may be required. As far as products are concerned, I use our own shampoo, Yorkie Splash when bathing. Another great product is Mink Sheen. I have heard that Espree is also a good product, but I have not used it. As for conditioning, I use 1 All Systems Pure Lanolin Plus Skin and Hair Emollients for deep conditioning (I mix it with conditioner and water according to the package directions), and for regular conditioning I use Four Paws Magic Coat Crème Rinse and Conditioner.

2) Regular brushing is an important part of Yorkie grooming. Never brush a Yorkie if his coat is dry. This can cause the hair to break. When you brush your Yorkie’s coat, use a spray conditioner to soften the hair. I use a diluted crème rinse in a spray bottle and spray the solution on to the brush. You should brush your Yorkie’s coat daily. When brushing the hair, start at the end of the strands of hair and work your way up to the body. If you encounter a tangle or mat, do not pull on it with the brush. Use your fingers to pull apart the tangled hair (again, working from the bottom upward), then gently brush through the tangle. Be sure to check the underside of your Yorkie where the legs connect to the body – this is where most mats occur and they are easily overlooked. As far as what products to use, I use an All Systems Ultimate Pin Brush for daily brushing. For smoothing and drying I use a Boar Brush, and for the face hair and sometimes for tangles I use an All Systems Ultimate Combination Comb.

3) Yorkies need special attention paid to their teeth. Yorkies, like other toy breeds, are prone to tooth decay. Regular brushing of your Yorkie’s teeth is a good idea. I use regular brushing in combination with giving Greenies once a week, as well as yearly teeth cleaning by our veterinarian. There are many tooth cleaning products made for dogs, and you can find a tooth brush and paste at any pet supply store. The liver flavored toothpaste is usually a big hit with our Yorkies. Suburban Dog House sells a vanilla flavored kind.

4) A Yorkie’s nails need to be kept trimmed. You can have your vet or groomer do it for you, or, you can trim the nails yourself. I use a Millers Forge Pet Nail Clipper. It has a safety bar on it to help guide you when trimming the nails. Part of the difficulty in trimming a Yorkie’s nails lies in the fact that the nails are black, and it is hard to tell where the underlying skin begins in the nail bed. If you are going to trim your Yorkie’s nails yourself, it is a good idea to have some corn starch or flour on hand in case you do cut the nail too close and cause the nail to bleed. Some people prefer a styptic powder or liquid to stop a bleed (something like Kwik Stop), but, I prefer something as natural as possible. I have used a styptic pencil on myself in the past, and it burns, so I try to avoid using styptic products. As far as other products, I don't have any good recommendations because I haven't tried anything else. Ask your groomer if you are looking for something different or easier to use.

5) For younger puppies and some adults, it is necessary to keep the ear hair trimmed. This is something you can do yourself at home if you like. In order to encourage a puppy’s ears to stand erect, it is important to remove the added weight of the hair on the ears. There are many different opinions on the best way to do this. Whichever way you are most comfortable with is probably the best way for you and your Yorkie puppy. Usually, I use a 4 blade razor (like Gillette Mach 4 or Venus) to remove the hair from the ears. For puppies with thicker ears, I take off the hair about ¾ down the ear on the outside and about ½ of the ear on the inside. For Yorkie puppies with thinner ears, I take off about ¼ to ½ of the hair on the outside, and the same on the inside. The easiest way I have found to do this is, after bathing while the ear is wet, run the razor over the ear going with the growth of the hair (moving from the base to the tip of the ear). Running the razor over once will essentially remove a layer of hair and thin the hair out. Don’t worry, you aren’t going to shave the ear bald with one “swipe.” If you want the ears to be completely hair free, plan on spending about 30 minutes going over and over the ear with the razor. I usually run the razor over the outside of the ear about 3 or 4 times, and usually 2 times on the inside. After I have thinned the hair on the ears, I also trim the hair on the ear tips with scissors. I usually just get as close to the ear leather as I can, holding the edge of the ear between two fingers (length-wise to protect the ear) and trim off the tips of the ear, about ¼ inch on each side of the tip.

a. For regular grooming of a Yorkie whose ears are standing, the technique for trimming the ears is to use a small electric trimmer (the same size as is sold for beard trimming). There are many great products out there made by companies like Andis, Wahl, and Oster. For the pet owner, you can get a clipper at a low price somewhere like Walgreens for about $15 - $20. Using the trimmer, clip the hair on the ears in the shape of an upside down "V" on the outside top 1/2 of the ear. You can also use the trimmer to shape the hair on the feet and to trim the hair in the pads.

b. Along with trimming the ear hair, it is a good idea to clean the ears. A dog's ears are dark, moist places that can be prone to bacterial and yeast infections. Keeping the inside of the ears clean can prevent a lot of headache. To clean the ears, you can use any store brand ear cleaning solution, or you can make your own solution of ½ rubbing alcohol and ½ vinegar (any kind of vinegar will do: white, apple cider, anything). Put a few drops of solution into your Yorkie’s ears and use a cotton swab around the inside of the ears to remove the debris. Be careful to only swab the part of the ear and ear canal that you can see. Though, because of the anatomy of a dog’s ear it would be very difficult to harm the ear drum with the cotton swab, going too deep in the ear canal can pack any debris further down the ear canal. If your Yorkie has a lot of debris in the ear or if you suspect an infection, take him to your vet. Ear infections can be very painful and difficult to get rid of. The best way to avoid infections is to keep the ears clean and to get your Yorkie to the vet if you suspect an infection (the ear is red, hot, inflamed, or your Yorkie seems to be bothered by it).

6) It is also a good idea to keep the area under your Yorkie’s tail trimmed. Long hair in this area tends to get rather icky pretty quickly. How you trim up this part of your Yorkie is up to you and your comfort zone. A lot of people leave this to the groomer. Some people use an electric trimmer or scissors. I use scissors and do it myself, but your Yorkie has to really trust you.

7) As far as trimming the hair over the body of your Yorkie, I recommend taking your baby to a professional groomer. If you want to trim your Yorkie’s hair yourself and you feel comfortable, go for it. But, for most pet owners, it is easier to take their Yorkie to the groomer once every month or two as opposed to the stress of clipping the hair themselves. If you want some tips on how to cut your Yorkie’s hair yourself, there is some good information at members.cox.net/jrogan/care.html

about pets and animals

A cat and dog, the two most popular animals kept as pets.

A pet is an animal kept for companionship and enjoyment or a household animal, as opposed to livestock, laboratory animals, working animals or sport animals, which are kept for economic reasons. The most popular pets are noted for their loyal or playful characteristics, for their attractive appearance, or for their song. Pets also generally seem to provide their owners with non-trivial health benefits; keeping pets has been shown to help relieve stress to those who like having animals around. There is now a medically-approved class of "therapy animals," mostly dogs, that are brought to visit confined humans. Walking a dog can provide both the owner and the dog with exercise, fresh air, and social interaction.

Choice of a pet

The average cost of a dog over its lifetime is estimated at about £20,000. The most common reasons for not owning a pet are lack of time, lack of suitable housing, and lack of ability to care for the pet when traveling. On the positive side, people most commonly get pets for companionship, to protect a home or property, or because of the beauty of the animals.

According to a 2007-2008 Pet Owners Survey

Animal	Number of U.S. households that own a pet (millions)	Total number of pets owned in the U.S. (millions)
Bird	6.4	16.0
Cat	38.4	88.3
Dog	44.8	74.8
Equine	4.3	13.8
Freshwater fish	14.2	142.0
Saltwater fish	0.8	9.6
Reptile	4.8	13.4
Small animal	6.0	24.3

In Canada the latest survey done by Colin Siren of Ipsos Reid it is estimated that there are 7.9 million cats and 5.9 million dogs in Canada. The survey also shows that 35% of Canadian households have a dog, while 38% have a cat, which is consistent with other surveys conducted around the world.